The pneumatically actuated cell-stretching platform: (a) schematic illustration of the cell-stretching platform in the OFF state. (b) Schematic representation of the working principle of the device with output pattern 1 (OP1) and OP3 in the ON state. (c) FEA model results illustrating the OP1 and OP3 behaviour during the ON state. (d) Lower PDMS layer (4 × 2) with deformable output patterns and a control pattern. (e) Actual multilayer PDMS cell-stretching platform.